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sleep, brain, consciousness.

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sleep: Bewusstslos by reorganization? decrypt

researchers, why do we lose our consciousness to sleep

Why do we lose consciousness when we sleep, even though our brain is still working? To this question now, scientists have found an answer: measurements during the transition to different sleep stages showed that networks are systematically reorganized our brain during sleep. Thus, the hippocampus and frontal lobes, responsible for memory and higher control processes, coupled out, areas that respond to external stimuli, but remain partially active.

plane still awake and fully conscious, and seconds later we are asleep. Outwardly, sleep is considered for people with a passive process. But for the brain and the whole organism, it is merely a state with altered activity. Because the brain is asleep while less active, its activity, however, not entirely. Active neurons are thereby organized into different networks interconnected. Scientists can Networks by slow, spontaneous fluctuations occurring signal using functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence.

two networks in the push

scientists at the Max-Planck-Institute for Psychiatry in Munich have been assessed in a study of 25 young healthy subjects, as these changes of perception triggered. Of the many simultaneously active rest networks of the human brain investigated the Max Planck researchers in the so-called "default mode network" and in the spontaneous time course rebellious network.

Both networks are in the waking state closely linked and represent different attentional processes. The "default mode network" supports more inwardly directed attention tasks, the opposite network rather the processing of external stimuli. Without additional stimulation, they behave in opposite directions in time - high measuring signals of a network usually occur during low signals of the other network, and vice versa.

hippocampus and frontal lobes decoupled

The Munich scientists found that both networks change during the sleep onset process itself and also different interacted with each other. You will be re-organized systematically. Thus, the hippocampus, an important region for memory processes, already decoupled in light sleep from the network. The frontal lobes, important for higher control processes, with increasing depth of sleep even completely excluded from the network.

Reduced, but detectable up in the deep sleep, were also areas in the posterior cingulate and precuneus, a part of the parietal cortex. These brain regions are among the most densely linked areas in the brain. They are associated with alertness and consciousness, and can, for example by drugs influenced in their activity be. These network changes in brain regions associated with selbstreflektorischem behavior, action planning and self-perception associated could be the cause of our loss of consciousness during sleep.

residual attention remains

contrast to the neuronal connections take attention network only partially - perhaps to respond to external stimuli can still alarming. The counter-network is decoupled from sleep stage 2 of its strictly opposing activity, but remains available to all stages of sleep - an important indication that probably only a sufficient Synchronization between different networks enables more complex functions. (Cerebral Cortex, 2011, doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhq295)

(Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 23.02.2011 - NPO)

network changes over a period of 26 minutes. The extension of the "default mode network" (red) and the opposing network (ACN, blue) in four stages: A: wakefulness, B: sleep stage 1, C: sleep stage 2, D: deep sleep. In particular, the medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC]) loses its Connection to the network. The counter-network is weaker in sleep stage 1, stage 2 sleep then no longer detectable.

(Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 02.23.2011 - NPO,